Gender

Gender is the range of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity and femininity. Depending on the context, these characteristics may include biological sex (i.e. the state of being male, female or intersex), sex-based social structures (including gender roles and other social roles), or gender identity.

Sexologist John Money introduced the terminological distinction between biological sex and gender as a role in 1955. Before his work, it was uncommon to use the word gender to refer to anything but grammatical categories. However, Money's meaning of the word did not become widespread until the 1970s, when feminist theory embraced the concept of a distinction between biological sex and the social construct of gender. Today, the distinction is strictly followed in some contexts, especially the social sciences and documents written by the World Health Organization (WHO). However, in many other contexts, including some areas of social sciences, gender includes sex or replaces it. Although this change in the meaning of gender can be traced to the 1980s, a small acceleration of the process in the scientific literature was observed in 1993 when the USA's Food and Drug Administration (FDA) started to use gender instead of sex. In 2011, the FDA reversed its position and began using sex as the biological classification and gender as "a person's self representation as male or female, or how that person is responded to by social institutions based on the individual's gender presentation." In non-human animal research, gender is also commonly used to refer to the physiology of the animals.

Sport

Sport (UK) or sports (US) are all forms of usually competitive physical activity or games which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing entertainment to participants, and in some cases, spectators. Usually the contest or game is between two sides, each attempting to exceed the other. Some sports allow a tie game; others provide tie-breaking methods, to ensure one winner and one loser. A number of such two-sided contests may be arranged in a tournament producing a champion. Many sports leagues make an annual champion by arranging games in a regular sports season, followed in some cases by playoffs. Hundreds of sports exist, from those between single contestants, through to those with hundreds of simultaneous participants, either in teams or competing as individuals. In certain sports such as racing, many contestants may compete, each against all with one winner.

Sport is generally recognised as activities which are based in physical athleticism or physical dexterity, with the largest major competitions such as the Olympic Games admitting only sports meeting this definition, and other organisations such as the Council of Europe using definitions precluding activities without a physical element from classification as sports. However, a number of competitive, but non-physical, activities claim recognition as mind sports. The International Olympic Committee (through ARISF) recognises both chess and bridge as bona fide sports, and SportAccord, the international sports federation association, recognises five non-physical sports, although limits the number of mind games which can be admitted as sports.

John Scales

John Robert Scales (born 4 July 1966 in Harrogate, North Yorkshire) is an English former professional footballer who played as a central defender from 1984 to 2001.

He notably played in the Premier League for Wimbledon, Liverpool, Tottenham Hotspur and Ipswich Town as well as playing in the Football League for Bristol Rovers. He was capped 3 times by England.

Club career

Bristol Rovers

He started his career at Bristol Rovers before earning a move to Wimbledon in July 1987 after just two seasons at his original club.

Wimbledon

He became part of the Wimbledon Crazy Gang that graced the top flight of English football and that won the FA Cup in the famous 1988 final. Scales played as a substitute in the final, though unusually playing as a forward after coming on for striker Terry Gibson. He made his debut for the club in a 1–0 First Division defeat to Watford, who had just appointed former Wimbledon boss Dave Bassett as their new manager, on 15 August 1987. He was soon a regular member of the side, and over the next seven years would make 240 league appearances for the club, scoring 11 goals, including five in the 1988–89 season.

Patrick Bet-David

Patrick Bet-David is an American entrepreneur and financial adviser. In 2009, Bet-David founded PHP Agency, a financial services marketing organization, which offers a broad array of life insurance products including 401k roll-overs, annuities and health insurance.

Early life

Born on October 18, 1978 of Armenian descent in Tehran, Iran during the Iranian Revolution. He emigrated to the United States in 1990. Spent the rest of his childhood and early adulthood in Glendale, California before he served in 101st Airborne Division of the U.S. Army.

Career

Bet-David, upon discharge from the Army, started his career in financial services at Morgan Stanley and the Transamerica Corporation (a division of Aegon). After a dinner event with George Will in 2009, Bet-David was inspired to start a crusade called Saving America to encourage free enterprise and fiscal responsibility. Later that year, Bet-David launched a weekly radio show called Saving America on KKLA-FM in Los Angeles. The half-hour show ran for 52 episodes and featured interviews and commentary with various guests.

PTV News

PTV News is a 24-hour state news channel in Pakistan. It provides news in English and Urdu to the Pakistani community worldwide. It also provides News in Arabic, Sindhi, Pashto, Kashmiri,and various other regional languages. As the only Government News channel of Pakistan, its reports are generally favorable towards the current government, so because of this many people criticize its unfair news reporting.

Until 2007, PTV News was known as PTV World.

Programmes

Competitors

See also